THE URGENCY OF A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS OF 21ST-CENTURY EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGES

Abstract

The advancement of globalization and technology demands that the education sector prepares students to face the challenges of the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the urgency of adopting a global perspective in primary education through a literature review approach. Data were collected from various sources, including scientific journals, articles, and books relevant to global perspectives and 21st-century education. The findings indicate that a global perspective is essential for helping students understand the interconnectedness between local life and global dynamics, fostering tolerance toward diversity, and developing 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity. However, the implementation of a global perspective in primary education still faces several challenges, including limited teacher competencies, inadequate resources and infrastructure, and curricula that have yet to fully integrate global issues contextually. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate learning methods, enhance teacher competencies, and integrate global issues into the curriculum to ensure that primary education can produce a generation ready to navigate an increasingly complex world.