FOSTERING GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP FROM AN EARLY AGE: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

Abstract

The development of globalization in the 21st century requires students to possess the ability to understand cultural diversity, think critically about global issues, and demonstrate responsibility as global citizens. Global Citizenship Education (GCE) plays a crucial role in fostering global awareness and promoting tolerant attitudes from an early age. However, the implementation of global perspectives in Indonesian elementary education still faces several challenges, including limited student understanding of diversity, insufficient teacher competence in integrating global perspectives, and the lack of effective instructional strategies. This study aims to analyze previous research on the implementation of global perspectives in elementary schools to support the development of global citizenship character. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by examining relevant books, journal articles, and scientific publications. The findings indicate that integrating global perspectives in learning can enhance students’ understanding of cultural diversity, increase awareness of global issues, and foster more tolerant and open-minded attitudes. Furthermore, the integration of global education with local values strengthens students’ sense of nationalism and cultural identity. Therefore, global perspective-based learning has significant potential to create contextual, meaningful, and relevant educational experiences, ultimately contributing to the development of inclusive, adaptive, and globally aware individuals without losing their local cultural identity.